The breakdown of the Timar System is now seen not as a result of incompetent administration, but as a conscious policy meant to help the empire adapt to the increasingly monetized economy of the late sixteenth century.
2.
The end-result of market development is a fully monetized economy ( a " cash economy " ), but how its workings appear to the individual at the micro-level, is often the exact inverse of its causal dynamic at the macro-level.